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Ruth 1:3-5

What is God doing?

Filed Under: Devotions by Chuck
April 6, 2023

In Deuteronomy 7:3, the Israelites were prohibited from marrying Canaanite women. It doesn’t say anything about Moabites. However, we’re to find out later that marrying a woman outside the faith creates great problems in the home. As we learn from Solomon’s life, “…the greatest problem in such a marriage is the temptation to serve the gods of one’s foreign wife.” Ruth 1:3-4a tells us about the marriages of Elimelech’s sons to Moabite women. It says, “But Elimelech, the husband of Naomi, died, and she was left with her two sons. These took Moabite wives; the name of one was Orpah, and the name of the other was Ruth. They lived there for about ten years, and both Mahlon and Chilion died, so the woman was left without her two sons and her husband.” My Doctoral advisor from Dallas Seminary writes, “No doubt orthodox Israelites would have thought that marrying Moabite women was unwise. The Book of Ruth does not record the length of these marriages, but they were childless.”[1] We don’t know which son married which daughter until Ruth 4:10, when we learn that Ruth married Mahlon. That means Orpah married Chilion.

So, we find Naomi, a Jewess, alone in a foreign land, husbandless and childless. The name Naomi in Hebrew means “pleasantness or sweetness.” I think sweetness was the focus because later, we’ll see that she wishes to change her name to Marah, which means bitterness. We have a bitter childless widow alone in the world. She has no sons or grandsons and is alone in a foreign land with people who do not speak her language and do not worship the God she has been raised to believe in. Maybe she’s like the prodigal son. She and her husband had followed what they believed to be the most prosperous path for them at the time of famine, but things did not work out for them. What would she do now? She did not know what God’s plan was for her.

I’m sure many of us have gone through similar experiences. We’ve made decisions that have not turned out like we wanted them to and ended up lost and alone, struggling with God’s will for our lives. Jackman applied this to his preaching commentary. He wrote, “In any congregation today, many people will identify only too readily with Naomi’s experience. Some will have gone through similar traumatic times of bereavement. Others will have made life decisions they now feel very bitter about—the job move that led to being laid off, the marriage that broke up almost from the beginning, the disappointment of children who have overthrown their parents’ faith and are sowing wild oats. ‘Where did I go wrong?’ is very often followed by ‘why did God let this happen to me?’”[2] Like Naomi, we just don’t know what God plans. Instead of judging Naomi and Elimelech’s decision to leave the land, as many commentators do, I can relate to Naomi. It’s so encouraging to see that there would be a great redemption for Naomi in the woman that Mahlon married. As a matter of fact, through this Moabite woman Mahlon married, our redemption also comes. Naomi returns to her homeland and her God with Ruth. Ruth marries and gives birth to Jesse. Who marries and gives birth to David, through whom comes Jesus, our redemption from bad decisions and those of the whole world for whoever believes in Him.

 

[1] Reed, John W. 1985. “Ruth.” In The Bible Knowledge Commentary: An Exposition of the Scriptures, edited by J. F. Walvoord and R. B. Zuck, 1:419. Wheaton, IL: Victor Books.

[2] Jackman, David, and Lloyd J. Ogilvie. 1991. Judges, Ruth. Vol. 7. The Preacher’s Commentary Series. Nashville, TN: Thomas Nelson Inc.

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Judges 1:3, Romans 12:4-5

Working Together

Filed Under: Devotions by Chuck
April 5, 2023

The first four children of Leah, born to Jacob, were Reuben, Simeon, Levi, and Judah. They grew up together. It’s natural for these four to stick together. In Judges 1:3, we see Judah make an agreement with his brother Simeon. “And Judah said to Simeon his brother, ‘Come up with me into the territory allotted to me, that we may fight against the Canaanites. And I likewise will go with you into the territory allotted to you.’ So Simeon went with him.” Duane Lindsey sheds some light on their relationship. He writes, “The tribal military alliance of Judah and Simeon was a logical one since the allotted inheritance of the Simeonites was within the southern boundaries of the tribe of Judah. Also, Judah and Simeon had a natural bond as offspring of Jacob and Leah. Their common enemy was the Canaanites, probably used here as a generic term for all the inhabitants of Canaan in the area west of the Jordan River.”[1]

Judah was the one son of the 12 from which the ultimate king of the nation would come. He was to be the leader of his people. Jacob chose him before his death and his will for Judah was recorded in Genesis 49:10. While blessing his children before his death he said, “The scepter shall not depart from Judah, nor the ruler’s staff from between his feet, until tribute comes to him; and to him shall be the obedience of the peoples.” This explains why he was granted the largest piece of land according to the allotment of Joshua. Also, as Block observes, “Simeon was the smallest tribe by far. This tribe’s twenty-two thousand men of military age were less than half the average of the other eleven tribes, so it was probably too small to receive an independent territorial grant. Within a century or two, Simeon ceased to exist as a separate tribe.”[2] Simeon’s tribe was absorbed into the tribe of Judah and comprised part of the southern kingdom later.

Gingrich argues that it was a lack of faith on Judah’s part to seek an alliance with his brother Simeon. He says, “God commanded The Judahites to go against the Canaanites and He promised them victory. The Judahites’ request for help from the Simeonites reveals a lack of faith in the promises of God on the part of the Judahites.”[3] However, most commentators agree with me, as well they should! An agreeing commentator says, “The strength of two is greater than the strength of one. The wisdom of two is better than the wisdom of one. In cooperation, one can supply what the other lacks. One has courage, another has prudence. One has the knowledge; another knows how to use it. One has wealth, the other has the wit to use wealth. One has wisdom but is ‘slow of speech;’ the other ‘can speak well,’ but is foolish in counsel (Exod. 32.). No man has all the qualities which go to make up perfect action, and therefore no man should think to do without the help of his fellow man. It is a presumptuous state of mind which makes a man seem sufficient to himself, and an uncharitable state of mind which prompts him to withhold help from his fellow.”[4] Paul applies these ideas to Christians in Romans 12:4-5. He writes, “For as in one body we have many members, and the members do not all have the same function, so we, though many, are one body in Christ, and individually members one of another. Having gifts that differ according to the grace given to us, let us use them.”

[1] Lindsey, F. Duane. 1985. “Judges.” In The Bible Knowledge Commentary: An Exposition of the Scriptures, edited by J. F. Walvoord and R. B. Zuck, 1:377. Wheaton, IL: Victor Books.

[2] Block, Daniel Isaac. 1999. Judges, Ruth. Vol. 6. The New American Commentary. Nashville: Broadman & Holman Publishers.

[3] Gingrich, Roy E. 2006. The Books of Judges & Ruth. Memphis, TN: Riverside Printing.

[4] Spence-Jones, H. D. M., ed. 1909. Judges. The Pulpit Commentary. London; New York: Funk & Wagnalls Company.

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Joshua 1:4

Thy Kingdom Come

Filed Under: Devotions by Chuck
April 4, 2023

God charges Joshua with the responsibility to take the land that he had promised to Abraham in Joshua 1:4. He says, “From the wilderness and this Lebanon as far as the great river, the river Euphrates, all the land of the Hittites to the Great Sea toward the going down of the sun shall be your territory.” That is a huge piece of land and as Jackman observes, “The area described in verse 4 is enormous, though very much in tune with the original promise to Abraham in Genesis 15:18–20. David Oginde comments, ‘In terms of current political boundaries, the promised land would thus cover modern Israel, the whole of Jordan, a large part of Saudi Arabia, half of Iraq, the whole of Lebanon, part of Syria and the whole of Kuwait!’ But as he points out, even at the height of the monarchy in the days of David and Solomon, Israel only occupied a small section of this total area.”[1] I can only imagine what the world would be like for democratic countries if Israel occupied all that land today. It would change the world in unimaginable ways.

David would expand Israel’s territorial control, and under his son Solomon, they would have authority over the whole land but would not occupy it. One commentator suggested that after Joshua conquered the land, he took ownership of the whole area as God had promised. At the close of Joshua’s book, we read, “Thus the Lord gave to Israel all the land that he swore to give to their fathers. And they took possession of it, and they settled there. And the Lord gave them rest on every side just as he had sworn to their fathers. Not one of all their enemies had withstood them, for the Lord had given all their enemies into their hands. Not one word of all the good promises that the Lord had made to the house of Israel had failed; all came to pass.” So, the land was theirs. They had control over it but didn’t finish the job! And it was possessed by the various nations around them.

Why the conquest of all of the promised land has never been accomplished has been explained in several ways. God said he had left their enemies in the land to test them, to see if they will remain faithful. In another passage, it’s asserted that their enemies were allowed to retain control of parts of the land so that Israel would learn war. Israel sinned again God repeatedly throughout their history in the land beginning immediately with the period of the Judges. Another passage suggests that Israel wanted to keep them for slave labor. Further, they were afraid of animals and wild beasts that would dominate the land if they drove out the human inhabitants too soon. Regardless of the reason, failing to take and control the entire promised land ended up with the destruction of the home state of Israel for thousands of years. It would not be until 1948 that the modern nation of Israel was established following World War II. Now, 80 years later, Israel has become a thriving nation and the longest-established democracy in the Middle East. Yet many of its neighbors remain hostile, and a Palestinian movement seeks to develop its own nation within the borders of modern Israel’s territory. The land that surrounds modern Israel is occupied by the descendants that Israel failed to drive out. They have determined to drive Israel out even now. Israel is always at war with them in one way or another. But don’t forget, the Bible teaches that God will eventually fulfill the promise to give Israel full control over the Promised Land. Israel’s full territory will ultimately be ruled by the Messiah during the Millennium. God’s promises, partly fulfilled throughout history, will have complete, literal, fulfillment prior to God’s creation of new heavens and a new earth. The words of the “Our Father” will one day be answered.

[1] Jackman, David. 2014. Joshua: People of God’s Purpose. Edited by R. Kent Hughes. Preaching the Word. Wheaton, IL: Crossway.

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Deuteronomy 1:3b-4

God Says “Amen!”

Filed Under: Devotions by Chuck
April 3, 2023

There are disagreements as to whether Moses got his name from his mother or Pharoah’s daughter, but one thing is for sure. He is the only figure in the Bible with that name. That makes him a very special character. From his encounter with God at the burning bush in the early chapters of Exodus, Moses became God’s spokesman. First, to the Israelite slaves and then to Pharoah himself. He was not excited about the role but fulfilled the calling with honor. He spoke with God’s authority both to Pharoah and then for forty years to the Israelites as they journeyed or wandered through the wilderness on their way to the promised land.

These words of Moses came after the defeat of the two Amorite kings, Og and Sihon. Interestingly, we don’t find any direct extra-biblical mention of these two kinds. But Biblical Archaeology is always turning up new things. I would love to see these two names discovered in ancient digs east of the Jordan where they lived. Bashan, Ashtaroth, and Edrei are known sites in that area. Sihon was the king who refused to grant Israel passage through their territory on their way to Canaan. Sihon was the king of the Amorites but we’re not sure of Og. So as Merrill observes, “The ethnic identity of the people of Bashan is unclear though Og himself is said to have been a Rephaite giant who required an iron bed.”[1] He required an iron bed because he was so big! He was one of the giants in the land from whom Goliath is a descendant. Put taking the land just to the east of the Jordan river opened access to the promised land to the Israelites. Moses needed to speak to them because he knew he wouldn’t be going with them and they would need final instructions on how they should live in the land.

After the Israelites, under Moses’ leadership, defeated the two kings of the Amorites, God told Moses to speak to the people again and gave him something specific to say to them. Deuteronomy 1:3b-4 says, “Moses spoke to the people of Israel according to all that the Lord had given him in commandment to them after he had defeated Sihon the king of the Amorites, who lived in Heshbon, and Og the king of Bashan, who lived in Ashtaroth and Edrei.” Whatever God told Moses to say, he said! That Moses’ was faithful to deliver the exact words of God is very important. One Jewish commentator observed, “The theological question strikes us from the moment we open this fifth Book of the Bible: Moses is speaking with his voice to the people of Israel. Each of the other four biblical books are written in the third person, in God’s voice, as it were, recording the history, narrating the drama, and commanding the laws. This fifth book is written in the first person. Does this mean that the first four books are God’s Bible and the fifth Moses’ Bible?”[2] No, of course not and this short passage is one statement that affirms Moses’ words being inspired by God through Moses’ personality much like the authors of the New Testament. My Jewish commentator continued, “In the book of Deuteronomy, he spoke to his people, telling them not God’s words but his own, and God commanded him to write down the words of this Book as well for all eternity, God was granting the Divine imprimatur of Torah to Moses’ Book of Deuteronomy — and making it His (God’s) Book as well. Moses spoke and God answered Amen.” We say that about the books of the New Testament as well.

[1] Merrill, Eugene H. 1994. Deuteronomy. Vol. 4. The New American Commentary. Nashville: Broadman & Holman Publishers.

[2] https://www.jewishtimes.com/moses-spoke-and-god-answered-amen/

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Numbers 1:2-3

The Numbers Don’t Lie!

Filed Under: Devotions by Chuck
April 2, 2023

It’s time to get organized! I believe this is where the book of “Numbers” gets its name. God directs the two million Israelites to be organized into companies. This is a census for war. Numbers 1:2-3 says, “Take a census of all the congregation of the people of Israel, by clans, by fathers’ houses, according to the number of names, every male, head by head.  From twenty years old and upward, all in Israel who are able to go to war, you and Aaron shall list them, company by company.” I expect this might be the first official census recorded in the world, however, I haven’t researched other civilizations. There have always been censuses in the world. I have some records of the 1895 census from Omaha that has my great grandfather, Louis Larsen as the head of household with his wife Anna and their six kids, with Earnest, my grandfather being 9 years old at the time. But the census that Moses was to take of the Israelites was of those 20 years old and older. They had to be capable of going to war before they made it into the census.

It appears that the general organization of the huge nation began with the fact that they were divided into the twelve tribes according to which patriarch they descended from Reuben, Simeon, Levi, Judah, Dan, Naphtali, Gad, Asher, Issachar, Zebulon, Manasseh, Ephraim (the two sons of Joseph) and Benjamin. The tribes were subdivided into clans. Then into patriarchal houses and finally into families. But the phrase “company by company” lets us know that the census was in preparation for war. One of the ancient Akkadian texts uses similar language for “mustering the troops.” Some commentators want to understand this census as simply a numbering of the people like the censuses we have taken in various cities. But, as one commentator says, “The wording is so patently military in nature, however, that this escape is simply not possible. The point of the census was to prepare the armies of Israel for their triumphal war of conquest against the peoples of Canaan. In fulfillment of the promise the Lord made to father Abraham.” The Israelites were being prepared in inherit these promises of becoming a great nation by taking the promised land that was “inhabited by numerous nations and ethnic groups. Those nations and groupings were pervaded with evil; the sins of the Amorites had now reached their full measure (cf. Gen 15:16); the campaign of conquest was soon to begin.”[1]

Duguid says, “The census was thus a tangible, physical reminder that God had been faithful to the promises he had made to multiply his people and to bring them out of Egypt (see 1:1). God had been faithful to his Word: the numbers don’t lie. This should have been a source of great encouragement to God’s people as they headed into battle to take the Promised Land. They certainly didn’t lack the resources to do the task that God had assigned them. Since God had been faithful to his promises in the past, he could be counted on also in the future.”[2] The sad end of the book of Numbers records a different census. The only two still in the census were Joshua and Caleb. The rest died in the wilderness never realizing their dream. They died between slavery and freedom. Indeed, they never faced war, but they never tasted freedom either. William Wallace, of Braveheart fame, is supposed to have said, “Everyman dies, but some never truly live.”

[1] Allen, Ronald B. 1990. “Numbers.” In The Expositor’s Bible Commentary: Genesis, Exodus, Leviticus, Numbers, edited by Frank E. Gaebelein, 2:704–5. Grand Rapids, MI: Zondervan Publishing House.

[2] Duguid, Iain M., and R. Kent Hughes. 2006. Numbers: God’s Presence in the Wilderness. Preaching the Word. Wheaton, IL: Crossway Books.

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Leviticus 1:3, Various

A Sacrifice of True Value

Filed Under: Devotions by Chuck
April 1, 2023

When God instructed the Israelites regarding the quality of the burnt offering, He required one of actual value. Leviticus 1:3 says, “If his offering is a burnt offering from the herd, he shall offer a male without blemish. He shall bring it to the entrance of the tent of meeting, that he may be accepted before the Lord.” With the burnt offering, only a male animal would be acceptable. One might think that a female from the flock might be more valuable because they produced milk and were the instrument of reproduction. But as Matthew observes, “The significance of the male beast was more symbolic than the actual value.” Though the female reproduced, she did not do so without the male. So, the male animal “was viewed as the symbolically significant animal since it was representative of the whole herd as the chief animal and the most virile.”[1]

This male animal must be “without blemish.” By its name, “sacrifice,” one is giving up something of value. Baker observed, “They also were to have been at a cost to the offeror, that is, a sacrifice. In an agricultural society where wealth and the very maintenance of life were measured in livestock, these animal presents came from the very life necessities of the people.”[2] When David made his burnt offering to the Lord in 2 Samuel 24:24, he said, “I will not offer burnt offerings to the Lord my God that cost me nothing.” You might remember that in the last book of the Old Testament, Malachi confronted the people for offering less valuable sacrifices to God. In Malachi 1:8, he said, “When you offer blind animals in sacrifice, is that not evil? And when you offer those that are lame or sick, is that not evil?” The problem is that we don’t have anything of great value. Any sacrifice I might offer is blind, lame, or sick. None of our possessions can win acceptance by God. No matter how much we give, we will never be able to buy God’s acceptance. It’s not for sale. Only an unblemished sacrifice will prove acceptable to God as the verse closes. The “Tent of Meeting” is where people met with God and had to bring an acceptable gift to be received by God.

This is where we must understand that the burnt offering is a type of Christ and the offering he made for us. This is how the New Testament understands the burnt offerings of the Old Testament. Jude closes his short book with a beautiful truth which he commends to you and me. He says, “Now to him who is able to keep you from stumbling and to present you blameless before the presence of his glory with great joy.” Helm captures the essence of this point when he writes, “The words ‘without blemish’ in Leviticus contain the substance of Jude’s word ‘blameless.’ In essence, Jude is saying that all those trusting in the sacrifice of Christ will become like the blameless sacrifice that secured access to the Father. We will be presented, through Christ, as acceptable in his sight!”[3] This is indeed cause for great joy! Paul agrees with Jude. He writes, in Colossians 1:22, “He (Jesus) has now reconciled in his body of flesh by his death, in order to present you holy and blameless and above reproach before Him (God).” A web blogger closes his comments on this by saying, “Through Christ, you are without blemish before God. What ‘blemishes’ or mistakes do you feel crushed under when you come to God? Let them go because God sees you without blemish, thanks to Christ.”[4]

[1] Mathews, Kenneth A. 2009. Leviticus: Holy God, Holy People. Preaching the Word. Wheaton, IL: Crossway Books.

[2] Baker, David W. 1996. “Leviticus.” In Cornerstone Biblical Commentary: Leviticus, Numbers, Deuteronomy, edited by Philip W. Comfort, 2:16. Carol Stream, IL: Tyndale House Publishers.

[3] Helm, David R. 2008. 1 & 2 Peter and Jude: Sharing Christ’s Sufferings. Preaching the Word. Wheaton, IL: Crossway Books.

[4] https://faithgracejesus.com/2017-06/without-blemish.html

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Exodus 1:6-7, Genesis 1:28, 9:1-3, 12:2-3

The Seed, Land, and a Blessing!

Filed Under: Devotions by Chuck
March 31, 2023

The setting at the beginning of the book of Exodus shows us a very prosperous nation of Israel living in Egypt. As long as Joseph and his brother were alive the Egyptians seemed to have been favorable to them. What was more important was that God richly blessed the children of Jacob. Exodus 1:6-7 tells us, “Then Joseph died, and all his brothers and all that generation. But the people of Israel were fruitful and increased greatly; they multiplied and grew exceedingly strong so that the land was filled with them.” These two verses connect us with three of God’s promises in Genesis. The first one is the promise to Adam and Eve to be fruitful and fill the earth and the second one is to Noah after the flood, and the third one is to Abraham and his descendants.

Back in Genesis 1:28, “God blessed them. And God said to them, ‘Be fruitful and multiply and fill the earth and subdue it and have dominion over the fish of the sea and over the birds of the heavens and over every living thing that moves on the earth.’” As Jacob and his family moved to Egypt during the great famine in Canaan this blessing of God continued on Jacob and his descendants. Then after the flood, in Genesis 9:1-3, “God blessed Noah and his sons and said to them, ‘Be fruitful and multiply and fill the earth. The fear of you and the dread of you shall be upon every beast of the earth and upon every bird of the heavens, upon everything that creeps on the ground and all the fish of the sea. Into your hand, they are delivered. Every moving thing that lives shall be food for you. And as I gave you the green plants, I give you everything.” Then, in Genesis 12:2-3, God tells Abram to leave his home in Ur, “And I will make of you a great nation, and I will bless you and make your name great so that you will be a blessing.  I will bless those who bless you, and him who dishonors you I will curse, and in you, all the families of the earth shall be blessed.”

Jacob’s descendants now had become as God had promised was on their way to becoming a great nation. There are three things needed for a nation. The first one is fulfilled in these verses of Exodus. The Israelites had multiplied into a large population. Gingrich observes, “During the whole of their 215-years stay in Egypt, the Israelites grew from a family of 70 souls to a nation of over 2,000,000 souls.”[1] David Mescheloff, Orthodox community rabbi, Ph.D. Mathematics & Ph.D. Talmud, wrote, “The key is the Jewish traditional observation that the families averaged 6 children during that period of slavery. A high birth rate among slaves is a well-known fact, due, among other things, to the comfort from the horror of their slavery that men and women who are slaves may find in each other’s arms. In any event, just think of the number of generations in, say a 200-year period. Say eight. So, if you start from one and just take 6 to the eighth power you get almost 1,700,000. So, given that they started in Egypt at 70, there’s not the slightest difficulty in throwing in other factors that can change the size of a population to conclude that the population report in the Torah of how many Israelites were saved from their slavery in Egypt is completely reasonable.”[2] But to fulfill God’s promise of becoming a great “Nation” Israel needed a common constitution. That would be given in other parts of the Pentateuch. They also needed a common land to live in together. That would come in the book of Joshua. God promised a seed, children. A land, Israel. The blessing the Law which would be fulfilled by the Messiah to become a blessing for the whole world.

[1] Gingrich, Roy E. 2001. The Book of Exodus. Memphis, TN: Riverside Printing.

[2] https://www.quora.com/How-did-the-population-of-the-ancient-Israelites-go-from-Jacob-and-his-12-sons-and-their-families-to-over-a-million-people-by-the-time-God-freed-them-from-Egypt

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Genesis 7:2-3, Acts 10:13-15

Clean and Unclean

Filed Under: Devotions by Chuck
March 30, 2023

In Genesis chapter 7, God gives Noah instructions regarding what animals to take with him on the Ark. Verses 2, and 3 say, “Take with you seven pairs of all clean animals, the male and his mate, and a pair of the animals that are not clean, the male and his mate, and seven pairs of the birds of the heavens also, male and female, to keep their offspring alive on the face of all the earth.” He is to take seven pairs of clean animals and only one pair of each of the unclean animals. I think the idea of cleanliness in this text refers to those acceptable to God for sacrifice. The distinction between clean and unclean animals had to do with what was acceptable as a sacrifice to God and what was acceptable to eat as well. The specific dietary restrictions are laid out more specifically in the book of Leviticus. Even though God didn’t give animals as food for man until after the flood, it’s assumed that the readers already understand the difference between the two. According to one blogger, “Clean animals: land animals that chew the cud and have a divided hoof, such as cattle, deer, goats, and sheep; seafood with both fins and scales, such as bluegill, grouper, and cod; certain birds, including chickens, doves, and ducks; and even some insects, such as grasshoppers and locusts.” He continued then with the second list, “Unclean animals: land animals that either do not chew the cud or do not have a split hoof, such as pigs, dogs, cats, horses, donkeys, and rats; seafood lacking either fins or scales, such as shellfish, lobster, oysters, and catfish; some birds, such as owls, hawks, and vultures; and other animals, such as reptiles and amphibians.”

God resolved not to destroy all life on the earth but to preserve a remnant of both man and animals (as well as birds). Roop observes, “These redundant instructions preparing for the Flood serve to emphasize God’s resolve that not all life shall perish in the Flood. That same resolve becomes a hallmark of God’s relationship to the post-Flood world. Insofar as the key question of the Flood narrative is ‘can life survive God’s coming in judgment?’ the answer is clearly ‘Yes.’ God will see to it.”[1] We see in some of Jesus’ teachings in the Gospels, as well as John’s vision in the book of Revelation, that there will be another Judgment upon mankind on the earth. Will he be totally wiped out? No, there will be a remnant, and God will see to it.

The big difference between the diet of the Jews and the diets of those who occupied the land that they were preparing to enter was these very animals. Jews would not eat unclean animals. The Canaanites ate them all. The Jews would not have anything to do with people who ate those things. But the Holy Spirit, working on Peter, did away with that restriction. In Acts 10, Peter had a vision or dream about a big platter (sheet?) coming down out of heaven, and according to Acts 10:23-15, “In it were all kinds of animals and reptiles and birds of the air. And there came a voice to him: ‘Rise, Peter; kill and eat.’  But Peter said, ‘By no means, Lord, for I have never eaten anything that is common or unclean.’ And the voice came to him again a second time, ‘What God has made clean, do not call common.’”  Because Noah brought with him a pair, male and female, of unclean animals with him on the Ark as God directed, is the reason we can have shrimp today. I’m glad!

[1] Roop, Eugene F. 1987. Genesis. Believers Church Bible Commentary. Scottdale, PA: Herald Press.

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