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Hebrews 1:2-4, John 5:45-46

Receive Jesus – Receive Eternal Life

The religious leaders, scribes, and Pharisees had a tradition of understanding God’s message to man in the Scriptures to be about personal behavior. They seemed to miss the fact that every generation before them failed in being faithful to God. From Adam and Eve through the days of Noah, the tower of Babel, and onward through the desert exodus, even through the period of the Judges and then the united and the divided Kingdoms, there was nothing but failure in living up to God’s righteous standards for life. Yet the focus of these religious people remained on being better, trying harder, and doing good. Even the greatest of their heroes was a gross failure in his own personal life, becoming both an adulterer and murderer not to mention his family failures. They continue to pick out episodes of his life as the example for everyone to follow, ignoring the fact of his gross sins. This is still done today from church pulpits presenting topics like  “Standing up to our Giants” like David did, or being faithful like all the Judges were, etc. The point of those passages in the Bible is not that these people were good and we ought to follow their example. The point is that they were all sinners and needed a savior!

The religious leaders were searching for eternal life in the Scriptures and Jesus informed them that yes, it was there, because the Scriptures are all about Himself. But Jesus advised them there will be a witness to testify against them when they fail to acquire “eternal life.” “It won’t be me,” Jesus says, “but the very one you are trusting in.” John 5:45-46 gives us Jesus’ words to the religious leaders of His day. They were laying burdens on the back of the people that were too heavy for them to bear. They were enforcing the law even to the point of stoning adulteresses in spite of their own sinfulness. They presented a standard by which to live up to in order to merit God’s favor. But Jesus says, “Yet it isn’t I who will accuse you before the Father. Moses will accuse you! Yes, Moses, in whom you put your hopes. If you really believed Moses, you would believe me, because he wrote about me.”

Stop focusing on being better, trying harder, or doing more! The Scriptures are not about keeping the law. They are about our failure to keep the law and our need for a savior to stand up to our enemy for us and wipe out our sin. This is what the author of Hebrews is talking about when speaks of Jesus being the most important thing. It’s about who He is and what He has done for us. Hebrews 1:2-4 concludes, “but in these last days He has spoken to us by His Son, whom He appointed the heir of all things, through whom also He created the world.  He is the radiance of the glory of God and the exact imprint of His nature, and He upholds the universe by the word of His power. After making purification for sins, He sat down at the right hand of the Majesty on high, having become as much superior to angels as the name He has inherited is more excellent than theirs.” Let me put the important phrase in red!

Hebrews 1:3-4, John 3:16, John 5:39-40, John 1:5

Hear Jesus, Hear God!

I did not make up the idea that Jesus is the subject of the entire Bible. I got that from Jesus himself. In John 5, Jesus is confronting the religious leaders. They claim to be disciples of Moses because they know he came from God, but they don’t know about this Jesus. The religious leaders of Jesus’ day claimed to hold Moses’ teachings as the cornerstone of their faith. They lean on Moses and the rest of the Old Testament as the most important thing in life. Jesus points this out to them in John 5:39. He says as translated by the Amplified Bible, “You search and investigate and pore over the Scriptures diligently, because you suppose and trust that you have eternal life through them.” Jesus isn’t correcting their assumption of being able to find “eternal life” in the Bible. The Scriptures do point us in the way of Eternal Life!

He’s telling them that their focus when reading and studying the Bible is misdirected. In the very next verse, John 5:40, he adds, “And these [very Scriptures] testify about Me!” He is affirming the reality of eternal life being found in the scriptures in that the whole of scripture is about Him who is the “heir of all things, through whom also God created the world. Jesus is the radiance of the glory of God and the exact imprint of his nature, and Jesus upholds the universe by the word of his power.” This is the Good News directly from God who “so loved the world that He gave His only begotten Son so that anyone who believes in Him will not perish but have everlasting life” (John 3:16).

The religious leaders, scribes, and Pharisees of Jesus’ day were reading the scriptures to understand the prerequisites of earning God’s acceptance and inheriting eternal life. They were looking for either loopholes in the law that might excuse them from perfect obedience or they were writing lists of things to do or not do to win God’s favor. That’s all they could see in the Bible and that was all they were interested in. I’m afraid there are still some Pharisees, scribes, and religious leaders today who still focus on the wrong thing and mislead many into believing that they can earn or deserve God’s acceptance by trying harder or doing more. Jesus says to them and to us in the next verse, John 5:40, “And still you are not willing [but refuse] to come to Me, so that you might have life.” A literal rendering of John 1:5 from the Good News Bible says this about Jesus, “The Word was the source of life, and this life brought light to humanity.” If God has spoken, and Jesus is the message, there is nothing more important than to listen to what He has to say!

Hebrews 1:2-3, John 8:28

Jesus Speaks for God

Martin Luther tells a story about being in prayer and meditation on a Good Friday, when a vision of Christ in all His radiant glory appeared on his wall! After his initial thought that this must be some grand revelation, he concluded instead that it must be a trick of the devil, for Christ appears to us in His word in a more humble form. He spoke to the vision saying, “I know no other Christ than He who was crucified, and who is pictured to me in His Word.” When he said this, the image vanished. The man who coined the phrase, “sola scriptura” stood by his conviction of the sufficiency of Christ as recorded in the Bible. God speaks to us today, in these times, as the author of the book of Hebrews says, “Long ago, at many times and in many ways, God spoke to our fathers by the prophets, but in these last days He has spoken to us by His Son.” Luther was convinced that Jesus alone, as revealed in the Bible alone, is sufficient for him. He is for me too! He didn’t need an angel or any other supernatural visitation to confirm for him the truths of the Bible and the reality of the sufficiency of Christ. God’s greatest communication to Luther and to all mankind came from God’s Son who gave Himself for us.

The author of Hebrews goes on to explain why Jesus and the message from God that He brings is the most important. The passage continues “but in these last days He has spoken to us by his Son, whom He appointed the heir of all things, through whom also He created the world. He is the radiance of the glory of God and the exact imprint of His nature, and He upholds the universe by the word of His power.”

In a very real sense, when Jesus speaks, God speaks. He doesn’t say, “thus saith the Lord” as the prophets did. He simply speaks. My former seminary professor, Stanley Toussaint used to say, “If God has spoken, there is nothing more important than to listen to what He has said. Let me say that again. If God has spoken, there is nothing more important than to listen to what He has said.” God speaks to us all in Christ and through Christ. There is nothing more important than what He has to say. Jesus, Himself, made it clear that His words were God’s words. John 8:28 gives us Christ’s testimony. It says, “When you have lifted up the Son of Man, then you will know that I am He, and that I do nothing on my own authority, but speak just as the Father taught me.”

Hebrews 1:1-2, Luke 9:35

Listen to Jesus

I remember a seminary professor speaking against the red letter versions of the Bible. The red letter bibles put the words of Jesus in red while the rest is in the normal black. It emphasizes the importance of what Jesus said. The professor argued that the whole Bible is inspired by God and each word and phrase is as important as all the others. Red letters making parts of the Bible more important than the rest is heresy. I’m not completely convinced of that anymore. It seems to me that there are reasons to see Jesus’ words as being more important than others in the Bible for a couple reasons. Maybe “more important” isn’t correct, but I began to think about this when I started my study of the book of Hebrews. I’m thinking that even the author, whoever that might be, agrees that we should pay more attention to Jesus and give priority to him and his teachings. Isn’t that how the book begins?

It says, “Long ago, at many times and in many ways, God spoke to our fathers by the prophets, but in these last days he has spoken to us by his Son.” The book of Hebrews begins by telling us that Jesus is greater than all the prophets that have come before him. I’m sure that the writer is referring to the prophets of the Old Testament. This first section about Jesus and the prophets ends with verse 4, where it transitions to the second section of the book which explains how Jesus is greater than all the angels. It explains the difference between being the “son” and being a messenger of God to minister to believers. That’s what the angels are. The third section of Hebrews, beginning with chapter 3, explains how Jesus is so much greater than Moses.

The two ways that mankind heard from God after the fall was predominantly through angels and prophets. He would occasionally put these communications in dreams and/or visions. The prophets would have the angelic visitation and then communicate the message to the people. That’s not the way we hear from God anymore! That may sound like heresy to those who insist that there are modern prophets that hear directly from God, but this is what I’m reading from the first verse in the first chapter of a book that’s all about the superiority of Jesus over everything else. I’m not saying the rest of the Bible isn’t important. It is because as Jesus himself said, it’s all about Him. On the road to Emmaus he explained how all the passages from all parts of the Bible, the Law, Prophets, and the writings were all about him. We should seek to find Jesus in the whole Bible. God, Himself, even exhorts us, “And a voice came out of the cloud, saying, ‘This is my Son, my Chosen One; listen to him!’” (Luke 9:35)

Genesis 1:1, John 1:1

In the Beginning…

When Jesus met the two disciples on the road to Emmaus after his resurrection, he did for them what we need to understand and do for ourselves. Luke 24:27 says, “And beginning with Moses and all the Prophets, he interpreted to them in all the Scriptures the things concerning himself.” Further, when Jesus was confronting the Pharisees, he pointed out as John 5:39 says, “You search the Scriptures because you think that in them you have eternal life; and it is they that bear witness about me.” So, “beginning with Moses” let’s look at the “Scriptures” and find Jesus! Whenever the term “Scriptures” is used in the New Testament it refers to the Old Testament. I know some disagree with that but it doesn’t make sense to me that the writers of the New Testament Gospels and Epistles would refer to their own writings as Scripture as we rightfully refer to them today.

The Bible begins, Genesis 1:1, with the assertion, “In the beginning…” When John begins his Gospel about Jesus, he begins with the same opening phrase. He writes in John 1:1, “In the beginning.” This phrase is significant because in the Law, the first five books of the bible, the name of each book in the Hebrew text is taken from the first word in that book.  The name of the book of Exodus is “These are the names” because that’s the first phrase in the book in the Hebrew text. The names of the family members of Joseph that came down to Egypt are there.  Leviticus begins with the call of God on Moses. The Hebrew name for that book taken from the first word is “God called.” Numbers is “The Lord Spoke.” Deuteronomy is named, “These are the words” followed by the second recitation of the Law given to Moses at Sinai. Getting back to Genesis, the name of that book is “In the Beginning.” I’d argue that John is not just referring to the beginning of the book, but the entire book. I’d also argue that John is not only referring to the whole book of Genesis but he is referring to the whole Bible. He is the one who recorded in his gospel what Jesus said to the Pharisees about the Bible bearing witness to Jesus.

Modern translations have mishandled this verse by making it a “dependent” or “subordinate” clause and translating it something like, “when god began to create…” This is seen in Today’s English Version, The New American Bible, The New English Bible, the New Jewish Version and a few others.  But as the United Bible Society’s Handbook for translators says, “If the traditional interpretation is followed, then the beginning refers to the time when the universe came into existence, rather than the beginning or opening of the story of creation.” Even in the opening phrase in the Bible we learn that God’s love, expressed to us through Christ, began at the very beginning of Creation. Before there was anything at all there was God’s love! This might appear to be stretching it now, but it will become clearer when we continue to compare Genesis with John.

Exodus 20:11, Genesis 2:2-3, Romans 3:23, Psalms 53:2-3, Isaiah 53:6, Hebrews 4:9-10

Jesus is the Sabbath

The final verse dealing with the fourth commandment to remember to keep the Sabbath day holy concludes, “For in six days the LORD made heaven and earth, the sea, and all that is in them, and rested on the seventh day. Therefore the LORD blessed the Sabbath day and made it holy.” This was very familiar to the Jews, as it should be familiar to us, because it’s a recasting of the conclusion of the Genesis creation account. Genesis 2:2-3 records, “And on the seventh day God finished his work that he had done, and he rested on the seventh day from all his work that he had done. So God blessed the seventh day and made it holy, because on it God rested from all his work that he had done in creation.” The word for Sabbath has taken on two distinct meanings, both of which are seen in these passages. First it simply means “seven.” And secondly, it means “rest.” Rest is actually the primary use of the word “Shabbat” in Israel today. The standard greeting in Israel on the Sabbath day is “Shabbat shalom.” Rest and peace to you!

My mother used to say when I got in trouble, “there is no rest for the wicked.” That didn’t scare me too much but as I matured it began to make sense. The guilty have no peace of mind, no rest. And for sinners there is no rest or peace to be found in the Law! All have broken it! The Bible is extremely clear on this as was Jesus’ ministry to the religious leaders who thought they were keeping the law. Romans 3:23 is clear on this issue, “for all have sinned and fall short of the glory of God.” But Paul just takes truths from the Old Testament when he says this. Psalm 53:2-3 says, “God looks down from heaven on the children of man to see if there are any who understand, who seek after God. They have all fallen away; together they have become corrupt; there is none who does good, not even one.”

Yet Jesus calls to us sinners saying, “come to me all who are burdened down with falls and failures, wounds and worries, griefs and regrets and I’ll give you true rest for your souls” (See Matthew 11:28). Hundreds of years before Jesus made this call, Isaiah the Prophet explained it to us. He writes in 53:6, “All we like sheep have gone astray; we have turned—every one—to his own way; and the LORD has laid on him the iniquity of us all.” When the author of Hebrews talks about entering “His” rest, he is referring to Jesus’ rest into which He calls us. But notice that he compares it to the Sabbath rest of Exodus 20:8-11. In Hebrews 4:9-10 he writes, “So then, there remains a Sabbath rest for the people of God, for whoever has entered God’s rest has also rested from his works as God did from his.” The only real “rest” from our works (self-efforts) is to be found in Jesus. He is our Sabbath.

Exodus 20:11, John 1:3, Colossians 1:16, Philippians 2:10, Galatians 6:15, 2 Corinthians 5:17

God Did All the Work!

Why does God call for “No Work” on the Sabbath? Because He did all the work! That explanation is seen in Exodus 20:11. It reads, “For in six days the LORD made heaven and earth, the sea, and all that is in them.” It could be rendered “sky, earth, seas.” That was the ancient way of saying “everything.” Just as the Hebrews used the three word phrase, “Law, Prophets, and Writings” to refer to the entirety of the Old Testament, so too is the phrase “sky (heavens), earth, seas” used to refer to everything above the earth, on the earth, and under the earth! But it wasn’t enough for God to express the three major categories in the world; sky, earth, seas. He also mentioned that part of His work was creating all the life in all three categories. He made the birds of the sky, the animals on the earth, and the fish in the seas! That’s the work that matters and that’s the work that must be “remembered” on the Sabbath.

Let’s think about this from our Christian perspective. Who made everything? Who did the work that should be “remembered” and kept holy? John made it clear to us that it was Jesus.  John begins his gospel with “in the beginning” referring to the Genesis creation account and He writes, “All things were made through him, and without him was not anything made that was made” (John 1:3). Paul clearly agrees with John and focuses more attention on the creative work of Jesus in Colossians 1:16. He says, “For by him all things were created, in heaven and on earth, visible and invisible, whether thrones or dominions or rulers or authorities…” It’s pretty clear who the New Testament credits with the work on the six days of creation. It was Jesus! And it’s that reason that, as Paul writes in Philippians 2:10, “at the name of Jesus every knee should bow, in heaven and on earth and under the earth.” Please notice the thoroughness of the three categories: heaven, earth, and under the earth!

Paul says that once we come to faith in Christ we are “new creations.” He says this twice: Galatians 6:15 says, “For neither circumcision counts for anything, nor uncircumcision, but a new creation.” Then He says it again in 2 Corinthians 5:17, “Therefore, if anyone is in Christ, he is a new creation.” The Galatians passage directly refutes those trying to enforce the elements of the Law on Christians, especially regarding circumcision. Paul is making it clear that it’s not religious legalism, or strict adherence to laws, regulations, or rituals that matters. It’s the work that Jesus accomplished for us. The work of creation “in the beginning” was His. The work of our salvation in each of our lives is His! Remember to keep the Sabbath holy by focusing on the work He accomplished on our behalf and not the work we do in the flesh.

Exodus 20:9-10, Ephesians 8-9

Defiling the Lord’s Day

The middle verses explaining the 4th commandment, Exodus 20:9-10, say, “Six days you shall labor, and do all your work, but the seventh day is a Sabbath to the LORD your God. On it you shall not do any work, you, or your son, or your daughter, your male servant, or your female servant, or your livestock, or the sojourner who is within your gates.” Just as an interesting observation here, the Hebrew word “Sabbath” is also the world for “seven.” That comes from the creation account that the day God rested was the seventh day. There might be something to the fact that Moses lists exactly seven things or people that should not work: 1) you, 2) your son, 3) your daughter, 4) your male servant, 5) your female servant, 6) your livestock, and 7) sojourners. This was a common literary device used to aid in memorization. No one had their own copies back in those days and this served their memories. This was probably even more important here because the commandment in verse 8 begins with “remember the Sabbath.” Matthew uses a similar device recording Jesus’ genealogy (a discussion for another time).

It seems to me that God desires all the hustle and bustle in and around us to just stop for the day! You have six days to live in the world of sowing and reaping, meeting deadlines and expectations of employers, teachers, parents and everyone else in the world. Let that be enough and step off the treadmill for a day and focus your attention on the work that God has done for you.  Don’t ask anyone around you to do work either! We don’t make the Sabbath Holy by not doing any work, though. The Sabbath is already Holy because God “ceased” all His work on that day in the creation account. It’s already Holy! We can “keep it holy” by resting in the finished work of God.

We can’t make the Sabbath Holy, but we can defile it. We do that by doing those things that we should do on the other six days. “Six days you shall Labor and do all your work.” That too is a command. Do your work on those six days and then take the Sabbath rest to reflect on the greatness, fullness, and completeness of God’s work. When our “works” become the focus on our Sabbath day, we defile the Sabbath day. It’s no longer “Holy” for us if our attention is upon trying harder in life to be a better person, or doing more good deeds, or giving more for good causes, or on anything that we “do” as opposed to what God has done for us. “It is by grace you have been saved, through faith, it’s not of works lest any man should boast. It is the gift of God” (Ephesians 2:8-9).

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